The first general essays on the History of Basque Literature were written after the 2nd World War. Most historians (e.g. K. Michelena, 1960, Historia de la literatura vasca) took "Literary history" as the methodological model, and they transferred the usual national "pattern", which was predominant throughout Europe by that time, to the Basque sphere. At the time of the structuralists, literary history was severely criticised. The new theoretical and methodological developments (social sciences, text production, etc.) in the 1970s and 1980s were adapted to Basque literature (I. Sarasola, Euskal literaturaren historia, 1971; J.M. Torrealdai, Euskal idazleak gaur, 1977). Since then, researchers in the field have revised the history of Basque literature by taking into consideration the main works that have appeared over the last thirty years (B. Atxaga, R. Saizarbitoria, etc.) and also by drawing attention to the tremendous change these works have brought to bear on the level of Basque literary creation. The historiographical model developed over forty years appears to have created a "consensus" in the university, in the world of the school, and on the level of society as a whole, even though some writers and researchers living abroad challenge the new fixed model